North Carolina, United States
Eastern Time
1:23 AM
Area Code
910
State / Province
North Carolina
Country
United States
Time Zone
Eastern Time
Area code 910 covers 86 cities and communities across North Carolina, based on telephone company rate center data.
Use the E.164 format for clickable phone links (RFC 3966):
<a href="tel:+19105550100">+19105550100</a><a href="tel:+19105550199">+19105550199</a>Look up which exchange in North Carolina a specific 910 number is homed to, and whether its block is wireline or wireless. See what a reverse lookup can establish before relying on the answer.
781 active prefixes in this area code, assigned as 5,871 thousands-blocks — pooling splits one prefix across several carriers, so each block is listed separately with the rate centre it is homed to, its carrier of record, and the switch that serves it.
Showing blocks 1–100 of 5,871
| NPA-NXX | Block | Rate centre | Type | Carrier (OCN) | Switch | LATA | LIR | Dates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 910-200 | A | Wilmington | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | WLMGNCFOXZX | 428 | — | — |
| 910-201 | A | Long Beach | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | LNBHNCMARPB | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 0 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 1 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 2 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 3 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 4 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | WLMGNCFOJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 5 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 6 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | WLMGNCFOJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 7 | Wilmington | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 8 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | 9 | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-202 | A | Wilmington | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 0 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | SKYE TELECOM LLC DBA SKYETEL (622J) | FYVLNCXAXTY | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 1 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 2 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 3 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | ONVOY, LLC - NC (638E) | FYVLNCXAXVX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 4 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | ONVOY, LLC - NC (638E) | FYVLNCXAXVX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 5 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | ONVOY, LLC - NC (638E) | FYVLNCXAXVX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 6 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | ONVOY, LLC - NC (638E) | FYVLNCXAXVX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 7 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 8 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | 9 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-203 | A | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | SKYE TELECOM LLC DBA SKYETEL (622J) | FYVLNCXAXTY | 949 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 0 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 1 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 2 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 3 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 6 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 7 | Hamlet | Landline or VoIP | TERRA NOVA TELECOM INC. (145J) | — | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 8 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | 9 | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-205 | A | Hamlet | Landline | BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL (9417) | HAMLET | 428 | — | — |
| 910-206 | A | Rockingham | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | RCHMNCMABMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 0 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | FYVLNCXAXCX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 1 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 2 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 3 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 4 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | FYVLNCROQMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 5 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | TELNYX LLC (073H) | FYVLNCXAXCY | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 6 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | TWC IP ENABLED SERVICES, LLC (793K) | FYVLNCXAXZY | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 7 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 8 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | 9 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | FYVLNCXAXCX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-207 | A | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 0 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | BANDWIDTH.COM CLEC, LLC - NC (998E) | WLMGNC030MD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 1 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 2 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 3 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | WLMGNCAATMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 4 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | WLMGNCFOJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 5 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 6 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | BANDWIDTH.COM CLEC, LLC - NC (998E) | WLMGNC030MD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 7 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 8 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | 9 | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | WLMGNCFOJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-208 | A | Wrightsville Beach | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 0 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 1 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 2 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 3 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 4 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 5 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 6 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 7 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 8 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | 9 | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-209 | A | Shallotte | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | WLMGNCFOXLY | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 0 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | WLMGNCFOJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 1 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 2 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 3 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | WLMGNCAATMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 4 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 5 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 6 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | WLMGNCAATMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 7 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 8 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | 9 | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | PAETEC ITEL, LLC (829J) | WLMGNCFOXBZ | 428 | — | — |
| 910-210 | A | Castle Hayne | Landline or VoIP | CENTURYLINK COMMUNICATIONS LLC - NC (4809) | WLMGNCEDJMD | 428 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 0 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 1 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | TELNYX LLC (073H) | FYVLNCXAXCY | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 2 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 3 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | FYVLNCROQMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 4 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | FYVLNCXAXCX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 5 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | BANDWIDTH.COM CLEC, LLC - NC (998E) | FYVLNCXAXQX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 6 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | BANDWIDTH.COM CLEC, LLC - NC (998E) | FYVLNCXAXQX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 7 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | TERRA NOVA TELECOM INC. (145J) | — | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 8 | Whiteville | Wireless | NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA (6214) | FYVLNCXAX3Y | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | 9 | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | ONVOY, LLC - NC (638E) | FYVLNCXAXVX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-212 | A | Whiteville | Landline or VoIP | BANDWIDTH.COM CLEC, LLC - NC (998E) | FYVLNCXAXQX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 0 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 1 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | TELEPORT COMMUNICATIONS AMERICA, LLC - NC (8389) | FYVLNCXAXWX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 2 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | FYVLNCROQMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 3 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC (3235) | FYVLNCXAXCX | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 4 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | FYVLNCROQMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 5 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | FYVLNCROQMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 6 | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | MCIMETRO ACCESS TRANSMISSION SERVICES LLC - NC (7835) | FYVLNCROQMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 7 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 8 | Fayetteville | Wireless | SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA (8645) | FYVLNCID3MD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | 9 | Fayetteville | Wireless | CELLCO PARTNERSHIP DBA VERIZON WIRELESS - NC (6324) | FYVLNCROSMD | 949 | — | — |
| 910-213 | A | Fayetteville | Landline or VoIP | TELEPORT COMMUNICATIONS AMERICA, LLC - NC (8389) | FYVLNCXAXWX | 949 | — | — |
Block-level assignments from the North American Numbering Plan administrator, via localcallingguide.com.
Assigned Prefixes
781
Assignment Blocks
5,871
Rate Centers
86
Carriers of Record
53
| Type | Blocks | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Landline | 973 | 17% |
| Landline or VoIP | 2,666 | 45% |
| Wireless | 2,232 | 38% |
| Carrier | Blocks |
|---|---|
| CELLCO PARTNERSHIP DBA VERIZON WIRELESS - NC | 733 |
| ONVOY, LLC - NC | 678 |
| SUNCOM DBA T-MOBILE USA | 622 |
| NEW CINGULAR WIRELESS PCS, LLC - GA | 565 |
| BRIGHTSPEED OF EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA, LLC | 547 |
| BANDWIDTH.COM CLEC, LLC - NC | 375 |
| BELLSOUTH TELECOMM INC DBA SOUTHERN BELL TEL & TEL | 328 |
| TWC IP ENABLED SERVICES, LLC | 248 |
| LEVEL 3 COMMUNICATIONS, LLC - NC | 219 |
| UNITED STATES CELLULAR - NC | 186 |
| 43 other carriers | 1,370 |
Carrier of record for each block. Numbers ported to another carrier keep their original block assignment, so this is not a lookup of who serves a given number today.
| Rate Center | Prefixes | Blocks |
|---|---|---|
| Fayetteville | 155 | 1,024 |
| Wilmington | 111 | 819 |
| Jacksonville | 48 | 318 |
| Lumberton | 36 | 262 |
| Laurinburg | 25 | 215 |
| Rockingham | 25 | 183 |
| Clinton | 21 | 191 |
| Southern Pines | 19 | 157 |
| Whiteville | 15 | 145 |
| Dunn | 10 | 90 |
| Elizabethtown | 10 | 94 |
| Lillington | 10 | 90 |
| Raeford | 10 | 90 |
| Southport | 10 | 86 |
| Pinehurst | 9 | 89 |
| Scotts Hill | 9 | 69 |
| Wrightsville Beach | 9 | 66 |
| Troy | 8 | 47 |
| Burgaw | 7 | 62 |
| Castle Hayne | 7 | 77 |
| Hamlet | 7 | 50 |
| Kenansville | 7 | 77 |
| Rose Hill | 7 | 67 |
| Carolina Beach | 6 | 55 |
| Holly Ridge | 6 | 42 |
| Long Beach | 6 | 45 |
| Pembroke | 6 | 55 |
| St Pauls | 6 | 56 |
| Wallace | 6 | 54 |
| Aberdeen | 5 | 35 |
| Beulaville | 5 | 49 |
| Bolivia | 5 | 34 |
| Carthage | 5 | 54 |
| Newton Grove | 5 | 42 |
| Red Springs | 5 | 42 |
| Shallotte | 5 | 35 |
| West End | 5 | 25 |
| Biscoe | 4 | 31 |
| Chadbourn | 4 | 24 |
| Fairmont | 4 | 43 |
| Faison | 4 | 25 |
| Gibson | 4 | 26 |
| Maxton | 4 | 29 |
| Parkton | 4 | 30 |
| Pinebluff | 4 | 18 |
| Richlands | 4 | 30 |
| Swansboro-Onslow | 4 | 32 |
| Tabor City | 4 | 42 |
| Acme | 3 | 33 |
| Atkinson | 3 | 26 |
| Bladenboro | 3 | 28 |
| Clarkton | 3 | 21 |
| Dunn (Cumberland) | 3 | 32 |
| Fair Bluff | 3 | 4 |
| Holden Beach | 3 | 5 |
| Lake Waccamaw | 3 | 22 |
| Laurel Hill | 3 | 8 |
| Maysville | 3 | 22 |
| Roseboro | 3 | 27 |
| Rowland | 3 | 25 |
| Seaside | 3 | 13 |
| Sneads Ferry | 3 | 22 |
| Topsail Island | 3 | 18 |
| Vass | 3 | 21 |
| Warsaw | 3 | 33 |
| Whispering Pines | 3 | 33 |
| Abbottsburg | 2 | 3 |
| Boiling Springs Lake | 2 | 7 |
| Candor | 2 | 22 |
| Coharie | 2 | 4 |
| Cypress Creek | 2 | 3 |
| Ellerbe | 2 | 4 |
| Garland | 2 | 20 |
| Lisbon | 2 | 4 |
| Mount Gilead | 2 | 20 |
| Robbins | 2 | 21 |
| South River | 2 | 6 |
| Wagram | 2 | 16 |
| Harrells | 1 | 1 |
| Herring | 1 | 11 |
| High Falls | 1 | 1 |
| Kelly | 1 | 1 |
| Longwood | 1 | 1 |
| Scotts Hill 270 | 1 | 1 |
| Six Runs | 1 | 10 |
| White Oak | 1 | 1 |
A rate center is the telephone exchange area a number is homed to. It sets local calling boundaries, and is not the caller's current location.
Area code 910 is a North American Numbering Plan (NANP) telephone area code assigned to North Carolina, United States. It is one of 10 area codes serving North Carolina. As population and demand for phone numbers grew, the region was divided into multiple numbering plan areas to avoid exhausting the available 7-digit number pool.
Yes. 910 is an active North American Numbering Plan (NANP) area code, currently assigned to North Carolina, United States. It is safe to answer or dial calls using this area code.
Area code 910 covers 86 cities and communities in North Carolina, including Abbottsburg, Aberdeen, Acme, Atkinson, Beulaville, and 81 more localities. This is based on telephone company rate center data — the geographic areas carriers use to determine local calling boundaries and to assign numbers when a business or individual requests a phone number in a specific city.
All numbers in the 910 area code observe Eastern Time (IANA timezone: America/New_York). Eastern Time is UTC−5 in winter (EST) and UTC−4 in summer (EDT). When placing a call to a 910 number from a different time zone, check the current local time above to avoid calling outside of business hours.
From within North Carolina, dial the 7-digit local number directly if calling within the same rate center, or dial 1 + 910 + 7-digit number for long-distance calls within North America. From outside the US or Canada, dial your country's international exit code followed by 1 910 XXX XXXX. The country code for both the United States and Canada in NANP is +1.
Format 910 numbers using E.164 notation as required by RFC 3966: prefix with +1 and omit dashes and parentheses (e.g., +19105550100). This format ensures tel: links work correctly on all mobile browsers and VoIP apps. See the tel: URI formatting guide for complete examples.